| ||||
| ||||
[Cancer Control; JMCC 7(1):65-71, 2000]
Iribarren C, Tekawa IS, Sidney S, et al. Effect of cigar smoking on
the risk of cardiovascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and
cancer in men. N Engl J Med. 1999;340:1773-1780
In a cohort
study of 17,774 men, regular cigar smoking was found to increase the risk of
lung cancer independent of other risk factors.
Henschke CI, McCauley DI, Yankelevitz DF, et al. Early Lung Cancer
Action Project: overall design and findings from baseline screening.
Lancet. 1999;354:99-105. (Editorial: Smith IE. Screening for lung
cancer: time to think positive. Lancet. 1999;354:86-87.
Of
1000 smokers, malignant disease was detected in 27 by computed tomography (CT)
and 7 by chest radiograph. Low-dose CT can greatly improve the likelihood of
detecting small, noncalcified nodules and thus of detecting lung cancer at an
earlier and potentially curable stage.
Lam S, Kennedy T, Unger M, et al. Localization of bronchial
intraepithelial neoplastic lesions by fluorescence bronchoscopy. Chest.
1998;113:696-702.
In a study of 173 patients, the relative
sensitivity of white-light bronchoscopy (WLB) and fluorescence bronchoscopy
compared to WLB alone was 6.3 for intraepithelial neoplastic lesions and 2.71
when invasive carcinomas were also included.
Vansteenkiste JF, Stroobants SG, De Leyn PR, et al. Lymph node
staging in non-small-cell lung cancer with FDG-PET scan: a prospective study on
690 lymph node stations from 68 patients. J Clin Oncol.
1998;16:2142-2149.
A total of 68 patients underwent thoracic
computed tomography (CT), positron emission tomography (PET), and invasive
surgical staging. PET plus CT was significantly more accurate than CT alone in
lymph node staging of non-small cell lung cancer with a sensitivity of 93%, a
specificity of 95%, and accuracy of 94%.
Perez EA. Perceptions of prognosis, treatment, and treatment impact
on prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer. Chest. 1998; 114: 593-604.
A survey to assess the roles and knowledge level of physicians, by
specialty, in the management of non-small cell lung cancer. For stages other
than stage I, there was a wide range of opinion regarding the treatment of
choice and expected impact of treatment on prognosis.
Lancet. 1998;352:257-263. (Editorial: Munro AJ. What now for
postoperative radiotherapy for lung cancer? Lancet. 1998;352: 250-251.)
This meta-analysis reported on the role of postoperative
radiotherapy in the treatment of 2,128 patients with completely resected
non-small cell lung cancer. A detrimental effect was observed in N0 and N1
disease, but no effect was seen in patients with N2 disease.
Silvestri G, Pritchard R, Welch HG. Preferences for chemotherapy in
patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer: descriptive study based on
scripted interviews. Br Med J. 1998;317:771-775.
The median
survival of patients with stage IV non-small cell lung cancer is improved by
approximately 3 months with the addition of chemotherapy. When interviewed, some
patients would choose chemotherapy for a survival benefit of as little as 1
week, while others would not choose chemotherapy even when offered a survival
benefit of 24 months. Most patients would not choose chemotherapy for its likely
survival benefit of 3 months, but they would choose it if it improved the
quality of life.
Turrisi AT III, Kim K, Blum R, et al. Twice-daily compared with
once-daily thoracic radiotherapy in limited small-cell lung cancer treated
concurrently with cisplatin and etoposide. N Engl J Med. 1999;
340:265-271.
Twice-daily radiation treatment, given concurrently
with cisplatin and etoposide, significantly improved survival. The median
survival was 19 months for the once-daily group and 23 months for the
twice-daily group.
Auperin A, Arriagada R, Pignon JP, et al. Prophylactic cranial
irradiation for patients with small-cell lung cancer in complete remission.
N Engl J Med. 1999;341:476-484. (Editorial: Carney DN. Prophylactic
cranial irradiation and small-cell lung cancer. N Engl J Med. 1999;
341:524-526.)
Prophylactic cranial irradiation improves both overall
survival and disease-free survival among patients with small-cell lung cancer in
complete remission.
Johnson BE. Second lung cancers in patients after treatment for an
initial lung cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst.
1998;90:1335-1345.
The risk of developing a second lung cancer in
patients who survived resection of a non-small cell lung cancer is approximately
1% to 2% per patient per year. Approximately 50% of these are resectable.
Survivors who continue to smoke have an increased risk of developing a second
lung cancer.
|
